濾膜的表面分離層可能擁有1µm左右的微孔結構，故稱之為“納濾”。因其具有納米級孔徑且帶有電荷性的特殊過濾性能，故而迅速取代了傳統的離心分離、真空濃縮、多效蒸發等工藝。
納濾的截流分子量從200-10000Dalton可選，因而該過程能耗低，不會破壞生物活性，濃縮倍數高，所以在食品工業、飲料工業、生物醫藥、發酵工業、乳品工業中納濾技術已得到越來越廣泛地應用。
目前，膜分離技術在抗生素中的應用主要是在抗生素發酵液的澄清，產品的濃縮脫鹽以及廢液中抗生素的濃縮回收等幾個方面。
現代抗生素的生產一般首先是通過澄清和溶劑萃取從發酵液中加以分離，在對萃取液進行真空蒸發制得。但發酵液中抗生素含量一般較少，濃度較低，且含有大量其它雜質，常規提取和濃縮方法存在著有機溶劑用量大，濃縮能耗高，破壞生物活性，產品回收率低，操作環境差等不足。
納濾濃縮技術的采用可有效避免以上不足，提高抗生素類產品品質，降低生產成本，成為生物醫藥生產中的高效分離手段。

The nano superficial filteration process has about 1 µm of the pore structure; therefore it is called he nano filters ". Because it has the nano level aperture and has the performance of electric filteration, it rapidly substituted the traditional centrifugal separation, the vacuum concentration, multiple-effect evaporates and so on .
The nano filters the current the molecular amount may elect from 200-10000 Dalton, thus this process energy consumption is low, and cannot destroy the biology life, the concentration multiple is high, therefore in the food industry, the drink industry, the biology medicine, the fermentation industry, the dairy product industry the nano filters the technology has been applied more and more widely.
At present, membrane separation technology is mainly used in the clarification of antibiotic fermentation liquid, concentration and desalination of the product, and concentration and recovery of the antibiotics in the waste liquid and so on.
Now, in general, the produce of antibiotic is firstly extracted by clarification and solvent, and is separated from fermentation liquid and at last do the vacuum evaporation of the liquid extraction. But the content of the antibiotic in the fermentation is low, the density is low too, and it contains a lot of other impurities, the routine method of extraction and concentration has the shortages of great organic solvent consumption, high concentration energy consumption, low product recovery rate, poor operation environment and so on.
The use of nano filteration concentration technology can avoid above shortages validly improve the quality of the antibiotic series,low the production cost,it is high effective separation method in the production of the big medicine.